Bilinear Graph Neural Network with Neighbor Interactions

Bilinear Graph Neural Network with Neighbor Interactions

Hongmin Zhu, Fuli Feng, Xiangnan He, Xiang Wang, Yan Li, Kai Zheng, Yongdong Zhang

Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Main track. Pages 1452-1458. https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/202

Graph Neural Network (GNN) is a powerful model to learn representations and make predictions on graph data. Existing efforts on GNN have largely defined the graph convolution as a weighted sum of the features of the connected nodes to form the representation of the target node. Nevertheless, the operation of weighted sum assumes the neighbor nodes are independent of each other, and ignores the possible interactions between them. When such interactions exist, such as the co-occurrence of two neighbor nodes is a strong signal of the target node's characteristics, existing GNN models may fail to capture the signal. In this work, we argue the importance of modeling the interactions between neighbor nodes in GNN. We propose a new graph convolution operator, which augments the weighted sum with pairwise interactions of the representations of neighbor nodes. We term this framework as Bilinear Graph Neural Network (BGNN), which improves GNN representation ability with bilinear interactions between neighbor nodes. In particular, we specify two BGNN models named BGCN and BGAT, based on the well-known GCN and GAT, respectively. Empirical results on three public benchmarks of semi-supervised node classification verify the effectiveness of BGNN --- BGCN (BGAT) outperforms GCN (GAT) by 1.6% (1.5%) in classification accuracy. Codes are available at: https://github.com/zhuhm1996/bgnn.
Keywords:
Data Mining: Classification, Semi-Supervised Learning
Data Mining: Mining Graphs, Semi Structured Data, Complex Data