Uncertainty-aware Binary Neural Networks

Uncertainty-aware Binary Neural Networks

Junhe Zhao, Linlin Yang, Baochang Zhang, Guodong Guo, David Doermann

Proceedings of the Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Main Track. Pages 3441-3447. https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/474

Binary Neural Networks (BNN) are promising machine learning solutions for deployment on resource-limited devices. Recent approaches to training BNNs have produced impressive results, but minimizing the drop in accuracy from full precision networks is still challenging. One reason is that conventional BNNs ignore the uncertainty caused by weights that are near zero, resulting in the instability or frequent flip while learning. In this work, we investigate the intrinsic uncertainty of vanishing near-zero weights, making the training vulnerable to instability. We introduce an uncertainty-aware BNN (UaBNN) by leveraging a new mapping function called certainty-sign (c-sign) to reduce these weights' uncertainties. Our c-sign function is the first to train BNNs with a decreasing uncertainty for binarization. The approach leads to a controlled learning process for BNNs. We also introduce a simple but effective method to measure the uncertainty-based on a Gaussian function. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method improves multiple BNN methods by maintaining stability of training, and achieves a higher performance over prior arts.
Keywords:
Machine Learning: Classification
Machine Learning: Deep Learning