Beyond Homophily: Structure-aware Path Aggregation Graph Neural Network

Beyond Homophily: Structure-aware Path Aggregation Graph Neural Network

Yifei Sun, Haoran Deng, Yang Yang, Chunping Wang, Jiarong Xu, Renhong Huang, Linfeng Cao, Yang Wang, Lei Chen

Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Main Track. Pages 2233-2240. https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/310

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been intensively studied in various real-world tasks. However, the homophily assumption of GNNs' aggregation function limits their representation learning ability in heterophily graphs. In this paper, we shed light on the path level patterns in graphs that can explicitly reflect rich semantic and structural information. We therefore propose a novel Structure-aware Path Aggregation Graph Neural Network (PathNet) aiming to generalize GNNs for both homophily and heterophily graphs. Specifically, we first introduce a maximal entropy path sampler, which helps us sample a number of paths containing structural context. Then, we introduce a structure-aware recurrent cell consisting of order-preserving and distance-aware components to learn the semantic information of neighborhoods. Finally, we model the preference of different paths to target node after path encoding. Experimental results demonstrate that our model achieves superior performance in node classification on both heterophily and homophily graphs.
Keywords:
Data Mining: Mining Graphs